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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font
size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
The UK Community Psychology Discussion List [mailto:COMMUNITYPSYCHUK@JISCMAIL.AC.UK]
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Serdar M.
Degirmencioglu<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> 08 October 2007 18:42<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b>
COMMUNITYPSYCHUK@JISCMAIL.AC.UK<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [COMMUNITYPSYCHUK] Fwd:
Immigration, Black Sheep and Swiss Rage (NYT, October 8, 2007)</span></font><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Verdana'>The New York Times, October 8, 2007<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<h1><NYT_HEADLINE version="1.0" type=" "><b><font size=6 face=Verdana><span
style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Immigration, Black Sheep and Swiss
Rage <o:p></o:p></span></font></b></NYT_HEADLINE></h1>
<NYT_BYLINE version="1.0" type=" ">
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Verdana'>By <a
href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/s/elaine_sciolino/index.html?inline=nyt-per"
title="More Articles by Elaine Sciolino">ELAINE SCIOLINO</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</NYT_BYLINE><NYT_TEXT>
<div id=articleBody>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>SCHWERZENBACH,
<a
href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/switzerland/index.html?inline=nyt-geo"
title="More news and information about Switzerland.">Switzerland</a>, Oct. 4 —
The posters taped on the walls at a political rally here capture the rawness of
Switzerland’s national electoral campaign: three white sheep stand on the Swiss
flag as one of them kicks a single black sheep away. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>“To
Create Security,” the poster reads. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>The
poster is not the creation of a fringe movement, but of the most powerful party
in Switzerland’s federal Parliament and a member of the coalition government,
an extreme right-wing party called the Swiss People’s Party, or SVP. It has
been distributed in a mass mailing to Swiss households, reproduced in
newspapers and magazines and hung as huge billboards across the country. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>As
voters prepare to go to the polls in a general election on Oct. 21, the poster
— and the party’s underlying message — have polarized a country that prides
itself on peaceful consensus in politics, neutrality in foreign policy and
tolerance in human relations. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Suddenly
the campaign has turned into a nationwide debate over the place of immigrants
in one of the world’s oldest democracies, and over what it means to be Swiss.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>“The
poster is disgusting, unacceptable,” Micheline Calmy-Rey, the current president
of Switzerland under a one-year rotation system, said in an interview. “It
stigmatizes others and plays on the fear factor, and in that sense it’s
dangerous. The campaign does not correspond to Switzerland’s multicultural
openness to the world. And I am asking all Swiss who do not agree with its
message to have the courage to speak out.” <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Interior
Minister Pascal Couchepin, of the Liberal Democratic Party, has even suggested
that the SVP’s worship of Christoph Blocher, the billionaire who is the party’s
driving force and the current justice minister, is reminiscent of that of
Italian fascists for Mussolini. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>[On
Saturday, a march of several thousand SVP supporters in Bern ended in clashes
between hundreds of rock-throwing counterdemonstrators and riot police
officers, who used tear gas to disperse them. The opponents of the rally,
organized by a new group called the Black Sheep Committee, had tried to prevent
the demonstrators from marching to Parliament.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>The
message of the party resonates loudly among voters who have seen this country
of 7.5 million become a haven for foreigners, including political refugees from
places like Kosovo and Rwanda. Polls indicate that the right-wing party is
poised to win more seats than any other party in Parliament in the election, as
it did in national elections in 2003, when its populist language gave it nearly
27 percent of the vote. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>“Our
political enemies think the poster is racist, but it just gives a simple
message,” Bruno Walliser, a local chimney sweep running for Parliament on the
party ticket, said at the rally, held on a Schwerzenbach farm outside Zurich.
“The black sheep is not any black sheep that doesn’t fit into the family. It’s
the foreign criminal who doesn’t belong here, the one that doesn’t obey Swiss
law. We don’t want him.” <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>More
than 20 percent of Swiss inhabitants are foreign nationals, and the SVP argues
that a disproportionate number are lawbreakers. Many drug dealers are foreign,
and according to federal statistics, about 70 percent of the prison population
is non-Swiss. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>As
part of its platform, the SVP party has begun a campaign seeking the 100,000
signatures necessary to force a referendum to let judges deport foreigners
after they serve prison sentences for serious crimes. The measure also calls
for the deportation of the entire family if the convicted criminal is a minor. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Human
rights advocates warn that the initiative is reminiscent of the Nazi practice
of Sippenhaft, or kin liability, under which relatives of criminals were held
responsible and punished for their crimes. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>The
party’s political campaign has a much broader agenda than simply fighting
crime. Its subliminal message is that the influx of foreigners has somehow
polluted Swiss society, straining the social welfare system and threatening the
very identity of the country.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Unlike
the situation in France, where the far-right National Front leader <a
href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/l/jeanmarie_le_pen/index.html?inline=nyt-per"
title="More articles about Jean-Marie Le Pen.">Jean-Marie Le Pen</a> campaigned
for president in the spring alongside black and ethnic Arab supporters, the SVP
has taken a much cruder us-against-them approach. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>In
a short three-part campaign film, “Heaven or Hell,” the party’s message is
clear. In the first segment, young men inject heroin, steal handbags from
women, kick and beat up schoolboys, wield knives and carry off a young woman.
The second segment shows Muslims living in Switzerland — women in head scarves;
men sitting, not working. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>The
third segment shows “heavenly” Switzerland: men in suits rushing to work, logos
of Switzerland’s multinational corporations, harvesting on farms, experiments
in laboratories, scenes of lakes, mountains, churches and goats. “The choice is
clear: my home, our security,” the film states.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>The
film was withdrawn from the party’s Web site after the men who acted in it
sued, arguing they were unaware of its purpose. But over beer and bratwurst at
the Schwerzenbach political rally, Mr. Walliser screened it for the audience,
saying, “I’m taking the liberty to show it anyway.” <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>For
Nelly Schneider, a 49-year-old secretary, the party’s approach is “a little bit
crass,” but appealing nevertheless. “These foreigners abuse the system,” she
said after Mr. Walliser’s presentation. “They don’t speak any German. They go
to prostitution and do drugs and drive fancy cars and work on the black market.
They don’t want to work.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>As
most of the rest of Europe has moved toward unity, Switzerland has fiercely
guarded its independence, staying out of the 27-country <a
href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/e/european_union/index.html?inline=nyt-org"
title="More articles about the European Union.">European Union</a> and
maintaining its status as a tax haven for the wealthy. It has perhaps the
longest and most arduous process to become a citizen in all of Europe:
candidates typically must wait 12 years before being considered. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Three
years ago the SVP blocked a move to liberalize the citizenship process, using
the image of dark-skinned hands snatching at Swiss passports. And though the
specter of terrorism has not been a driving issue, some posters in southern Switzerland
at the time showed a mock Swiss passport held by <a
href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/b/osama_bin_laden/index.html?inline=nyt-per"
title="More articles about Osama bin Laden.">Osama bin Laden</a>. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>Foreigners,
who make up a quarter of the Swiss work force, complain that it is harder to
get a job or rent an apartment without a Swiss passport and that they endure
everyday harassment that Swiss citizens do not.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>James
Philippe, a 28-year-old Haitian who has lived in Switzerland for 14 years and
works for Streetchurch, a Protestant storefront community organization, and as
a hip-hop dance instructor, said he is regularly stopped by the police and
required to show his papers and submit to body searches. He speaks German,
French, Creole and English, but has yet to receive a Swiss passport. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>“The
police treat me like I’m somehow not human,” he said at the Streetchurch
headquarters in a working-class neighborhood of Zurich. “Then I open my mouth
and speak good Swiss German, and they’re always shocked. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>“We
come here. We want to learn. We clean their streets and do all the work they
don’t want to do. If they kick us out, are they going to do all that work
themselves? We need them, but they need us too.” <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>SVP
officials insist that their campaign is not racist, just anticrime. “Every
statistic shows that the participation of foreigners in crime is quite high,”
said Ulrich Schlüer, an SVP Parliament deputy who has also led an initiative to
ban minarets in Switzerland. “We cannot accept this. We are the only party that
addresses this problem.” <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>But
the SVP campaign has begun to have a ripple effect, shaking the image of Switzerland
as a place of prosperity, tranquillity and stability — particularly for doing
business. On Thursday, a coalition of business, union and church leaders in Basel
criticized the SVP for what they called its extremism, saying, “Those who
discriminate against foreigners hurt the economy and threaten jobs in Switzerland.”
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><font size=2 face=Verdana><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>“In
the past,” said Daniele Jenni, a lawyer and the founder of the Black Sheep
Committee who is running for Parliament, “people were reluctant to attack the
party out of fear that it might only strengthen it. Now people are beginning to
feel liberated. They no longer automatically accept the role of the rabbit
doing nothing, just waiting for the snake to bite.” <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Yahoo! oneSearch: Finally, <a
href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/evt=48252/*http:/mobile.yahoo.com/mobileweb/onesearch?refer=1ONXIC">mobile
search that gives answers</a>, not web links. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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